Mofanana ndi china chilichonse m’chilengedwe chathu, mafiriji amayenera kumvera lamulo lofunika kwambiri la sayansi ya zamoyo lotchedwa kusunga mphamvu.Mfundo yake ndi yoti simungathe kupanga mphamvu popanda kanthu kapena kupangitsa mphamvu kutha kukhala mpweya wochepa kwambiri: mutha kusintha mphamvu kukhala mitundu ina.Izi zili ndi zofunikira kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito furiji.
Choyamba, zimasokoneza nthano kuti mutha kuziziritsa khitchini yanu posiya chitseko cha firiji chotseguka.Si zoona!Monga taonera, firiji imagwira ntchito “moyamwa” kutentha kwa kabati kozizira ndi madzi ozizirira, kenaka imapopa madziwo kunja kwa kabati, kumene imatulutsa kutentha kwake.Chifukwa chake ngati muchotsa kutentha kwina mkati mwa furiji yanu, mwachidziwitso, kuchuluka komweko kumawonekeranso ngati kutentha kumbuyo (pochita, mumapeza kutentha pang'ono chifukwa injiniyo siyikuyenda bwino komanso ikutha. kutentha).Siyani chitseko chotseguka ndipo mukungosuntha mphamvu ya kutentha kuchokera ku khitchini yanu kupita ku ina.
Lamulo la kasungidwe ka mphamvu limafotokozanso chifukwa chake zimatengera nthawi yaitali kuti chakudya chizizirike kapena kuzizira mufiriji kapena mufiriji.Chakudya chimakhala ndi madzi ambiri, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku mamolekyu opepuka kwambiri (hydrogen ndi oxygen ndi ma atomu awiri opepuka kwambiri).Ngakhale madzi pang'ono (kapena chakudya) amakhala ndi achachikulukuchuluka kwa mamolekyu, iliyonse yomwe imatenga mphamvu kuti itenthe kapena kuziziritsa.Ndicho chifukwa chake zimatenga mphindi zingapo kuwira ngakhale kapu kapena madzi awiri: pali mamolekyu ochuluka kwambiri kuti muwotche kuposa ngati mukuyesera kuwira chinachake ngati chikho chachitsulo chosungunuka kapena chitsulo chotsogolera.Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kuziziritsa: zimatengera mphamvu ndi nthawi kuchotsa kutentha kumadzi amadzimadzi monga madzi a zipatso kapena chakudya.Ndicho chifukwa chake kuzizira kapena kuziziritsa chakudya kumatenga nthawi yaitali.Sikuti furiji kapena mufiriji wanu ndi wosakwanira: ndi chabe kuti muyenera kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa mphamvu zambiri kuti zinthu zamadzi zisinthe kutentha kwake ndi madigiri angapo.
Tiyeni tiyese kuyika ziwerengero zovuta pa zonsezi.Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatengera kusintha kutentha kwa madzi kumatchedwa mphamvu yake yeniyeni ya kutentha, ndipo ndi 4200 joules pa kilogalamu pa digiri Celsius.Zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 4200 joules mphamvu kutentha kapena kuziziritsa kilogalamu madzi ndi digiri imodzi (kapena 8400 joules kwa ma kilogalamu awiri).Kotero ngati mukufuna kuzizira lita imodzi ya botolo la madzi (olemera 1kg) kuchokera ku firiji 20 ° C kufika mufiriji ngati -20 ° C, mufunika 4200 × 1kg × 40 ° C, kapena 168,000 joules.Ngati chipinda chozizira cha firiji yanu chingachotse kutentha ndi mphamvu ya 100 Watts (100 joules pa sekondi iliyonse), izi zitenga masekondi 1680 kapena theka la ola.
Mutha kuona kuti pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuziziritsa zakudya zamadzi.Ndipo izi, zikufotokozera chifukwa chake mafiriji amagwiritsira ntchito magetsi ambiri.Malinga ndi US Energy Information Administration, mafiriji amagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 7 peresenti ya magetsi onse apanyumba (pafupifupi ma TV ndi zida zina zofananira, komanso zosakwana theka la zowongolera mpweya, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito 17 peresenti).
Tchati: Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a m’nyumba pomaliza kugwiritsa ntchito: Mafiriji amagwiritsira ntchito 7 peresenti ya magetsi a m’nyumba—ocheperapo poyerekezera ndi zoziziritsira mpweya kapena zotenthetsera.Mafiriji a m'nyumba zazikulu amagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 77 peresenti ya magetsi onse a m'firiji, mafiriji achiwiri amagwiritsa ntchito 18 peresenti, ndipo mayunitsi ena amawerengera magetsi ena onse.Gwero:US Energy Information Administration,
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-02-2022